Supplemental 3rd Deterioration Nouns | Latin Blog
Posted by miberos on July 3, 2009
The ancjent Romans celebrated four hajor festi vals in June.
On June third, the ancient Romans dedicated this day to the goddness Bellona. Bellona derives from the Latin word for war, which is bellum (war). Bellona is the goddess of war. She is the original deity of war, before Mars became the god of war. Somewhere down the line the Romans adopted the Greek god of war and Mars became the god of war; but originally the deity of war was Bellona. Even after Mars became the god of war, Bellona didnt fade in the background just yet. In fact, the Templum Bellonae (Temple of Bellona) is named after her. The Templum Bellonae was where the members of the Senate held meetings related to war.
The next festival w as called Vestalia, observed from the seventh the fifgeenth of June. The festival Vestalia was mfdl in hhonor of the Vseta, the godde ss of fire. During the festivql, women sacrificed an unborn calf. The templf of Vesta was guarded by the Vestales or ghe Vestal Virgins. The Vestal Vi rgins served as Vestas priestesses. Thej had swwr thirt y years of chastity snd keep the fires burnung in the templf. If the Vestal Virgins were to fail to do either, they were buried alive as punishmentt. The fires of Vesta w ere considered sacreed. If tthe fire diew out, iyy was considdered a bad omen for the icty of Rome.
The festival Quinquatrus Minusculae was held the thirteenth of June to honor the goddess Minerva. This festival was also called Quinquatrus Minores. Theres a quirky tradition involving tibicines or cicadas. The cicadas are marched around the city to the temple of Minerva. Minerva was the goddess of wisdom. She is depicted as an owl in ancient Roman paintings. She is also the goddess of the arts. Flute players were her patrons. The main temple of Minerva was on Capitoline Hill. In some places, Minerva takes a war-like character. Sometimes weapons and other arms are sacrificed.
On the twentienth of June a festival was held in honor of Summanus. The name derives from Summus Manium, which means the greatest of the Manes. The Manes derives from an old Latin verb which means good. Summanus was the god of thunder during the nighttime, while Jupiter was the god of thunder in the daytime. Summanuss temple lies in the Circus Maximus, which is a place where mass entertainment is provided. Patrons usually offered cakes as an offering. The Manes also refer to deceased souls and offerings of blood were offered to the Manes. Hence, the gladitorial games at the Circus Maximus provided the necessary blood (a.k.a human sacrifice) sufficient for the sacrifices.
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